Of Recent Periodical Literature
نویسنده
چکیده
The demography of Sandwich in this period has attracted attention from previous historians but has not been systematically studied. This article goes some way towards rectifying this situation by tracing the town’s growth from c. 1,500–1,700 in the mid-sixteenth century to c. 5,500 by 1610, population growth ending during the 1630s after which decline set in, the 1671 Hearth Tax suggesting a population of just 2,600. Immigration was the main cause of growth, for burials exceeded baptisms in this coastal marshland town over the period as a whole and for every decade except 1600–10, its growth punctuated by mortality crises. Partly these migrants came from elsewhere in England, but Dutch immigrants formed a very large component, temporarily accounting for as much as half of the town’s population, their numbers dropping towards the end of the sixteenth century before rising once again in the early seventeenth. Their overwhelming number created overcrowding and tension with the indigenous inhabitants, but their introduction of the new draperies revived the town’s economy. The demography on offer here is a little unsophisticated, and at times even contradictory: no evidence is provided for ‘an underlying increase in the birth rate’ (p. 80), the statement that ‘After 1640 that natural increase ceased’ (p. 80) sits uneasily with evidence of almost continual natural decline, while the estimate of a population of 3,700 in 1642 is difficult to square with an average of 4,277 in the 1630s for the native population alone plus c. 1,000 Dutch. The basis for estimates of the Dutch population in the early seventeenth century is not clear. It is also surprising to find no mention of M. Backhouse’s book, The Flemish and Walloon Communities in Sandwich (1561–1603) (Brussels, 1995), only reference to his article in Immigrants and Minorities, 3 (1991), but this paper provides a useful supplement to his work, without providing a full-blown demographic analysis.
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تاریخ انتشار 2008